您将学到什么：
- 什么是可变轴距？
- 汇集的设计细节以创建Skysphere概念车。
- How the Level 4 autonomous vehicle transforms into driver-operated mode.
c Skysphere是第一个三个即将到来的概念ars from Audi. It will be followed by the grandsphere in 2021 and urbansphere in 2022. The Audi skysphere concept made its public debut on August 13, 2021, as part of Monterey Car Week, on the fairways of the Pebble Beach golf course.
All three concept cars are designed for Level 4 autonomous driving, meaning that in certain defined road and traffic situations, the driver can delegate complete responsibility to the car and no longer must intervene. Level 4 vehicles can operate in self-driving mode and monitor the driving environment, and will intervene if there’s a system failure. But while it doesn’t require human interaction in most circumstances (the human need not pay attention), there’s still the option to manually override in Level 4.
The Variable Wheelbase
The concept car was designed for two different driving experiences by making use of an unusual technical detail—a variable wheelbase. Electric motors and a sophisticated mechanism with body and frame components that slide into one another make it possible to vary the wheelbase itself and the exterior length of the car by 250 mm. At the same time, the vehicle’s ground clearance also can be adjusted.
The greater distance between wheels in its autonomous “Grand Touring” driving mode makes for a more comfortable ride with the steering wheel and the pedals retracting to provide more spacious seating. In this mode, the Audi skysphere automatically keeps an eye on the road and traffic with its sensor system while driving the occupants safely to their destination.
随着轴距的变化，总长度从194.5英寸变为204.3英寸。Skysphere的行驶高度也可以上升或下降到不到0.4英寸。以改变其性能和处理。据奥迪说，后轮转向确保车辆尽管尺寸变化，但仍保持敏捷。
为电动摩门车供电
摩天道完全由电力供电。一辆电动机为后轮驱动，将624 hp（465 kW的功率）和553 lb-ft的扭矩（750牛顿 - 米特器）发射，这对于仅重3968磅的汽车来说是相当多的（约1,800磅）公斤）。结果，汽车可以在四秒钟内快速加速至62英里 /小时。
奥迪摩托车的电池模块主要位于机舱后面，该位置非常适合车辆的重心和敏捷性中心。可以在摩天道内部的中心隧道中的座椅之间找到更多的模块，这是另一个支持车辆动力学的位置。80 kWh的电池可提供超过500公里的范围（在欧洲使用的WLTP测试周期311英里）。美国的里程可能会更低。
概念车背后的设计概念
The Audi skysphere was designed in three months and built in two, using 3D digital technology. The concept car was conceived and designed at the Audi Design Studio in Malibu, Calif., close to the Pacific Coast Highway, the legendary coastal road that connects the suburbs of Los Angeles with northern California. Studio manager Gael Buzyn and his team are the creative minds behind the project. A legendary classic model from the company’s own history—the Horch 853 roadster—served as the inspiration for the new model.
A look under the hood of the Horch reveals a straight-eight engine with a displacement of 5 liters. The Audi skysphere, on the other hand, mainly has electric drive components between the front axle and the windshield, such as the charger and the dc-dc converter, plus the actuators and electronic and mechanical components for the adaptive wheelbase. It also features a spacious trunk filled with two golf bags specially designed for the concept car.
When it comes to their footprint the concept car pays its respects to the classic Horch model: 5.23 meters in length versus 5.19; 1.85-meter width versus 2.00 meters. Thus, it’s easy to see the similarity between the legendary Horch 853 convertible and the Audi skysphere.
另一方面，可以在各自的高度上找到一个明显的区别：霍奇高达1.77米，而其自主后代奥迪·史密斯（Audi Skysphere）则在1.23米的平坦以1.23米的模式下躲到路上，并具有优化的优化重心和空气动力学中心。
新车辆的前部和后部具有双叉骨车轴。上和下叉骨是从铝制锻造或铸造的。转向是通过控制前轮和后轮控制的逐线系统进行的。
由于系统没有机械连接到前桥，因此驾驶员可以通过按钮再次选择不同的转向比和转向设置。这使转向从极其直接到舒适，但也可以从高到最小的自我对准力调整；例如，停车时。后轴转向和自适应轴距也有助于汽车相对较小的转弯半径。
Aerodynamics
The latest evolutionary stage of Audi’s adaptive air suspension, which is implemented in the concept car, features three independent air chambers to provide a comfortable base suspension. Individual chambers can be deactivated for a more sporty ride with fast acceleration. The result is that the characteristic curve of the springs becomes more progressive, reducing roll and pitch to a minimum. Lowering the body by 10 mm reduces aerodynamic drag, particularly relevant when driving long distances.
When simply coasting along, the individual wheels are selectively raised or lowered to compensate for unevenness and undulations in the road surface. This is the result of a symbiosis between the navigation system’s digital predictions and the active chassis’ control and actuation systems. Mounted on 23-in. alloy rims, the 285/30 tires strike a balance between suitability for long-distance trips thanks to minimal rolling resistance and a sporty, active driving style.
当更改轴距时，前后后的LED显示出特别组成的动态序列。后端由数字控制的LED表面主导，该表面延伸到车辆的整个宽度上。红色的LED散布在垂直后表面。当照明单元打开和关闭时，反射会产生动态照明和阴影效果。
摇杆面板连接到汽车的前端，随着它的移动，该面板还滑到固定门下方的后部。在此过程中，轴距从奥迪A8L的尺寸减少到明显更紧凑的奥迪RS5。
As a result, control elements like the steering wheel and pedals can be swiveled into an invisible position and thereby completely removed from the interior. Free of controls, the interior appears as a more spacious environment, inspired by its Art Deco design.
Transforming into Driver Mode
如果奥迪摩托车的概念可用于驾驶员操作模式，则内部将变成驾驶机驾驶舱。与底盘和车身一起，仪表板和中央控制台上的监视面板也移至后部。驾驶员在最适合它们的位置找到了所有控件，包括方向盘和踏板。
Large touch monitor surfaces (1415 mm wide, 180 mm high) on the dashboard and in the upper area of the center console are used to operate the vehicle and infotainment systems. In Grand Touring mode, this can be used to display content from the internet, video conferences, or streamed movies. Small touch panels in the doors are used to operate the air conditioning.
Customized infotainment options are available, too, such as linking the on-board streaming service to music and video providers used at home. Audi also aims to provide personalized and exclusive options for users of its luxury cars in the future, such as concerts, cultural events, or even sporting events that will only be available upon special invitation.
