本文是This Week in PowerBites图书馆系列。
Liquefied Gas Electrolyte Li-Ion Batteries Move Toward Commercialization
在2021年赢得了NSF IIB SBIR Grant之后，South 8 Technologies，用于下一代锂电池的电解质配方开发商，已迈出了其商业化工作的下一步。该公司筹集了1200万美元的A系列融资*，它将用于加速其液化气体电解质（LIGAS）技术的商业化。预期的应用包括电动汽车，全天候网格存储，防御，可再生能源和航空航天。
South 8表示，新的电解质技术将实现低成本，高性能的电池，从而克服仍在开发的现有锂基液体电解质和固态电池的缺点。
Unlike common battery electrolytes that are liquid at room temperature, or solid-state electrolytes, the company’s non-toxic LiGas technology uses solvents that are normally gaseous at standard pressure and room temperature. However, they may be liquefied under pressure and used as an electrolyte within the cell.
South 8 explains that batteries built using its electrolyte technology will have the following advantages:
- 安全性提高: While conventional liquid electrolytes are a catalyst for thermal runaway, the LiGas electrolyte can safely and rapidly vent from a cell after physical or electrical abuse. Thus, the cell can fail safely without the risk of thermal runaway or thermal propagation.
- 高能量密度：内部高的化学稳定性和配子电解质的高电导率允许使用可用的最高能源材料，从而将更多的能量包装到细胞中。
- Wide operating temperature: The low freezing points of the LiGas electrolyte enable lithium batteries to perform in the most extreme climates at temperatures as low −60°C and up to +60°C.
- Material compatibility：所有常规的阴极，阳极和分离材料均与配子电解质兼容，从而可以简单地整合到当今的Gigafactories中。
- 成本降低: LiGas electrolytes apply established manufacturing techniques while considerably increasing factory utilization, enabling lower $/kWh for electric-vehicle and energy-storage-system applications.
- 可回收性: The LiGas electrolyte makes widespread adoption of battery recycling possible by removing the high-cost barrier of battery transportation to recycling centers at the end of life.
目前，该公司处于半保健模式，但是您可以在未来的活动中遵循https://south8technologies.com/。
*South 8's Series-A funding was led by安祖合作伙伴参与LG Technology Ventures,外壳冒险,山麓冒险， 和Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation（TNSC）。
锂硫电池可能会在2022年晚些时候首次看到商业生产
Could one of the planet's most abundant elements help battery makers build more powerful and rugged cells using much less of the world’s limited reserves of lithium? Berlin-basedtheion， 和its appointed CEO, Dr. Ulrich Ehmes, are confident that the company's lithium-sulfur cathode technology will be less expensive and triple the range and usage time of equivalent conventional lithium-ion cells.
Although the Li-S batteries are still in pre-commercial development, Ehmes recently宣布即将在今年晚些时候将其用于应用的水晶电池的商业可用性。
Theion的电池创新是基于硫的，硫可以作为工业工艺的副产品收获，而无需采用传统材料（例如镍和钴）的成本或环境影响。结果，硫比当今锂离子电池中使用的阴极材料便宜99％。此外，Theion的电池电池需要减少90％的能量，从原材料到成品电池。
Furthermore, Theion’s patented production process extends the lifecycle of batteries by combining sulfur’s crystal material properties with carbon nanotubes and a proprietary solid electrolyte. A pure sulfur wafer is grown via a direct crystal imprinting (DCi) method (no slurry coating, no solvents, no water, no drying) directly from molten sulfur in a few seconds.
这result is a cathode that can be grown to the shape and size required by the customer, experiences little or no volumetric fluctuation during the charge/discharge cycle, and is able to work at low porosity. A proprietary solid-state polymer electrolyte operates in the voids of the sulfur wafer.
通过添加导电路径，该公司最大程度地利用了活性材料以达到高能密度。在Gen 1和Gen 2晶体细胞中，金属铝箔将用作阳极，并在后代其他材料。
Theion的Gen 2细胞的性能目标包括：
- 重量的能量密度≥1,000WH/kg（Gen 4）
- 容量能量密度≥1,500WH/L
- 电源能力≈12.000w/kg
- 循环寿命≥1,000在1 C
- Operational temperature −20 to 60 °C
该公司将于今年晚些时候运送材料，首先是航空航天客户作为资格阶段的一部分，然后是飞机，出租车，无人机，手机和笔记本电脑，然后在2024年为电动航班和汽车行业提供服务。
To accommodate the anticipated demand, plans are to add manufacturing facilities, beginning in Berlin, where its current cell design, prototyping, and testing facilities are located. Locations for follow-on gigafactories are not determined yet, but they will be located close to their customers, anticipated to be in Europe, Asia, and the US.
Editor's Note: These folks are dreaming big and it's hard to tell if they will succeed with their Giga-Plans. In any case, watching them go for it via their home page athttps://www.theion.de/一定会迷人的。
恒定电压PMICS用于间歇性输入的能量收获安排
电子寄生引入了三个新的电力管理IC（PMIC），专为能源收获系统而设计。新设备包括恒定的输入电压调节，使其针对间歇性和脉冲功率输入进行了唯一优化。AEM00330是一个完整的电力管理芯片，并由AEM00300存储元件充电器进行补充。这些设备的潜在应用包括门接入系统，智能房屋或智能建筑物的智能开关，销售点（POS）单元和智能跑步鞋。
两种设备都是可自配置的，并且能够在Buck，Buck-Boost和Boost操作之间自动切换。这可以通过不同的来源，存储和负载布置（升级，降低等）进行更快的调整，并最大程度地提高其能量转移功能。
充分利用intermittent sources, both the AEM00300 and AEM00330 are designed to respond instantly to the presence of harvested power once a predefined threshold is exceeded. The operating input-voltage range goes from 140 mV to 4.5 V, so power levels of 3 µW to 570 mW can be managed. Another key feature is their ability to swap from powering the load or the storage element, giving greater flexibility to applications that should initially focus on one or the other.
当来自源的能源转移需要比存储元件低的电压时，AEM00940可以提供高效的增强解决方案。它具有基于LDO的输出和可选的操作输入电压，该电压从50 mV到4.5V。所有三个设备都可以在带有单个和双电池超级电容器的能源收获应用中；Li-ion，LifePo4，Lipo和Nicd薄膜电池；和固态电池。它们具有可选且可调节的存储元件保护机制，可防止过度充电和过度解散。
AEM00330以40针QFN包装格式容纳，尺寸为5×5mm。AEM00300配备4×4毫米，28针QFN软件包，而AEM00940的QFN28包含5-×5毫米QFN28软件包。每个人都可以适应以满足客户的特定包装需求，并以裸露的模具格式用于大量订单。每项新PMIC的专用评估套件（EVK）即将提供。有关其他信息，请访问www.e-peas.com或联系sales@e-peas.com
汽车评级的多电机门驱动程序简化了附件控制
Created specifically 12-, 24-, or 48-V motor control applications in conventional and hybrid/electric vehicles,Stmicroelectronics’L9908 integrated automotive three-phase gate-driver unit(GDU) offers highly configurable input/output channels. Also in the mix are smart protection and diagnostic features that enable flexible, cost-effective designs.
L9908保持了与每个半桥的高和低端FET的专用源连接。结果，用户可以独立配置输出通道以驱动各种类型的负载。此外，六个独立的脉冲宽度调节（PWM）输入引脚可以独立管理不同运动控制策略的驾驶员阶段。
High accuracy is assured, with three differential current monitors for ground-referenced measurements and three channels for real-time phase-voltage monitoring. There’s also a rich set of diagnostic and protection features.
By combining high integration, flexibility, and accuracy, the L9908 simplifies design, saves space, and enhances control of low-voltage fluid pumps, pumps and blowers in ventilation and cooling systems, and electronic seat controls. Furthermore, it can be used in traction inverters for mild-hybrid internal-combustion-engine (ICE) vehicles and 48-V full-electric city cars.
得益于L9908的内置诊断，它可以用于与安全有关的系统中，例如自动紧急制动（AEB）和高级电子动力转向（EPS），根据ISO 26262简化认证。
Safety features include SPI-programmable dead-time insertion with shoot-through diagnostic and protection, open-load detection, and short-to-ground/battery diagnostics. Also incorporated are an SPI-based temperature reading/warning function, ground-loss detection, over/undervoltage detection on the power-supply pins and FET-driver supply, system-clock monitoring, and a SPI window watchdog.
在单个（12 V），Dual（24 V）和48-V电池应用中使用L9908栅极驱动器的灵活性来自其宽的电机电源电压范围（4.5至75 V），并且能够耐受-14至95 V，在电机连接销上。片上逻辑是由内部生成的3.3V供应提供的，数字I/OS为3.3和5V兼容。
L9908是AEC-Q100合格的，现在可以在热增强的TQFP48软件包中获得。1,000件订单的定价起价为3.56美元。请与您当地的ST销售办公室联系以获取进一步的定价选项。
Tiny, Smart Motor-Control Module Integrates 600-V IGBT + SOI Driver
这CIPOS Tiny IM323-L6GisInfineon技术Cipos微型智能电源模块（IPM）家族的最新成员。新的IPM额定为600 V/15 A，集成了公司的TRENCHSPOP IGBT RC-D2开关及其高级SOI Gate-Driver技术，以实现最大的效率和提高的可靠性，以及降低的系统尺寸和成本。离散功率半导体和驱动程序的集成简化并缩短了主要的设计过程家用电器在particular drives for room air conditioners.
这CIPOS Tiny IM323-L6G is optimized for three-phase inverters up to 1.2 kW and an operating range of 1 to 20 kHz. The 600-V TRENCHSTOP RC-D2 devices feature a monolithically integrated diode with a maximum junction temperature of 175°C for the switch. The IPM's integrated C5SOI gate drivers deliver negative voltage spikes at the motor outputs, as well as a high level of protection and fail-safe operation. In case of overcurrent and undervoltage, the IPM provides cross-conduction prevention and turn-off of all switches.
这IM323-L6G is molded in a robust and pin-compatible 33- × 19-mm2带有内置NTC的浸入软件包，可实现机械系统设计的高灵活性以及高可靠性。此外，前端和后端的全部内部生产提供了供应安全性。
可用性
现在可以订购IM323-L6G和IMOTION模块化应用程序设计套件MADK。到2022年底，计划通过包括6和10的变体来扩展Cipos Tiny IM323产品范围。www.infineon.com/CIPOS。另外，请查看数据表IM323-L6G/IM323-L6G2。
工程专业的学生邀请在美国DOE的最新ECOCAR挑战赛中入侵凯迪拉克电动汽车
This fall, teams of engineering students hailing from every corner of America will begin a four-year competition to show Detroit how EVs should really be designed. Using a2023年凯迪拉克LYRIQ作为出发点，每个团队都可以自由添加，减法和创新，以创建一种更高效，更安全，甚至更有趣的车辆，而在所有50个州都保持合法的道路。
正式称为Ecocar EV挑战，这款车辆黑客马拉松是一系列高级车辆技术比赛（AVTC）中的最新活动美国能源部（DOE）自1990年代以来一直在赞助。也赞助General Motors和数学工作， 和managed by Argonne National Laboratory, the series of competitions has served as a proving ground for future automotive engineers and helped their universities explore the cutting edge of automotive engineering education.
Most of the previous Eco-Challenges focused on improving the fuel efficiency of various types of internal-combustion vehicles, including trucks and SUVs. In contrast, this latest four-year competition will challenge students to engineer a next-generation battery electric vehicle (BEV) that deploys connected and autonomous-vehicle (CAV) features to implement energy efficient and customer-pleasing features. It also must meet the automotive industry's increasingly aggressive decarbonization goals.
General Motors will donate a 2023 Cadillac LYRIQ to each team, challenging them to design, build, refine, and demonstrate the potential of their advanced propulsion systems and CAV technologies over four competition years. Teams will be tasked with complex, real-world technical challenges including enhancing the propulsion system of their LYRIQ to optimize energy efficiency while maintaining consumer expectations for performance and driving experience.
ECOCAR的基本原理是使用“基于模型的设计” - 一种使用MATLAB和SIMULINK的数学和视觉设计方法，使用户能够快速，成本效益，在设计上进行协作并开发复杂的嵌入式系统。Mathworks为团队提供了一套完整的软件工具，仿真模型，培训，技术指导和运营支持。
此外，包括五个少数派服务机构在内的选定大学将提供超过600万美元的资金，以供学生进行高级出行研究和体验式学习。ECOCAR EV挑战赛的官员说，这项投资支持代表性不足的少数族裔学生和教职员工的招聘和保留，以帮助建立反映北美多样性的EV人才管道。
这competition will kick off in Fall 2022 and conclude in May 2026. For more information, visitecocarevchallenge.orgoravtcseries.org。
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