Aleksandr-Volkov_dreamstime_11912995
Chip Aleksandr Volkov Dreamstime L 11912995

最常见的MIPI I3C问题 - 已解决

2022年5月4日
2021年9月,MIPI联盟更新了完整的MIPI I3C和I3C基本规格的版本。MIPI I3C工作组主席蒂姆·麦基(Tim McKee)提出了一些经常被问到规格的问题。

您将学到什么:

  • MIPI I3C与我有何关系2C。
  • How MIPI I3C Basic compares to the full I3C specification.
  • 今天如何使用MIPI I3C。

MIPI I3C,设计为非常受欢迎的我2C界面是MIPI联盟的轻量级接口,可轻松且具有成本效益连接的外围设备,例如传感器,执行器,控件和简单的UI组件,并将其与应用程序处理器相连。这些处理器的产品从智能手机到可穿戴设备到汽车和服务器环境中的系统。

I3C comes in two flavors: the full I3C specification, available to MIPI Alliance members, and the royalty-free I3C Basic version, which supports all of full I3C specification’s core functionality and is publicly available for download.

完整的更新版本I3C and I3C Basic specifications于2021年9月发行。MIPI I3C工作组,回答有关I3C接口的最常见问题。

MIPI I3C与我有何关系2C,与我相比,I3C有什么好处2C?

MIPI I3C was designed as the direct successor to I2C。Although I2C has been widely implemented, it's now more than 35 years old, and recent trends have posed new challenges for it. Data bandwidth requirements are on the rise, miniaturization is more and more necessary, and devices require even lower power consumption than before. MIPI I3C was developed specifically to address these issues while maintaining backward compatibility with I2C to support mixed use of I2设备中的C和I3C组件(图。1)


简而言之,i3c更快,需要较少的销钉和电线,并且比我使用的功率更少2C。For example, I3C supports a standard raw data rate of up to 12.5 Mb/s with 12.5-MHz clock using single-data-rate (SDR) mode. All of these features help improve the wide variety of devices that can utilize I3C.

它们对于下一代工业互联网(IIT)设备等产品特别有用。此类设备的共同要求包括需要连接许多外围组件(传感器,触摸屏等),非常低的功耗和紧凑的设计,所有这些都由较少的销钉和电线促进。

How does I3C Basic compare with the full I3C specification?

MIPI I3C基本旨在促进界面的访问和采用。因为我2C在各种各样的设备中的使用中,我们看到了对I3C版本的需求,该版本可以在MIPI的无版许可环境下广泛实施。虽然不完全相同,但I3C和I3C基本非常相似,因为I3C基本捆绑包是I3C最常用的功能。

在规格的最新版本中,我们通过将整个i3C规范中的许多功能带入I3C基本的许多功能,从而进一步减少了它们之间的差异。例如,I3C基本中的两种新的高数据速率(HDR)模式可以使用不同的时钟和数据传输模型,因此我们现在可以将原始数据吞吐量最多增加到25 MB/s(使用12.5-MHz使用HDR-DDR模式的时钟)在单车道上。那是一个巨大的飞跃。

I3C支持的主要功能是什么?

I3C提供了一种经济高效,简单且灵活的两线接口,旨在平衡更高数据速度的需求与功率效率(图2)。它利用CMO(互补的金属氧化物半导体)I/O,并最大程度地减少PIN计数和组件之间的信号路径数量。


In addition, I3C supports a data rate of up to 12.5 Mb/s using its simplest mode of operation, and it includes options for higher-performance, high-data-rate modes that can provide speeds in excess of 30 Mb/s in single-lane mode. It consumes low amounts of energy per bit transported, allowing for these high speeds without sacrificing a low-power design(图3)。例如,高速批处理数据传输有助于最大程度地减少功耗,这允许组件发送不经常的数据爆发。


I3C支持频段间隔(IBIS),以消除对中断信号的其他物理车道的需求。一些较新的功能包括可扩展使用额外的公交车道的选项,以支持双通道或四轮型配置,最多可容纳单个车道的速度提高,以实现未来的界面,以实现即将出现的更高速度要求。

On top of that, a feature for standardized target reset enables better recovery from error conditions. This feature refines the specification’s ability to reset peripheral devices. It supports different levels of reset, from resetting only an I3C peripheral within a target to resetting the whole target device. This precision facilitates better recovery from error conditions by allowing a controller to reset only the selected targets without resetting any others.

设计师可以了解更多有关I3C和I3C基本的信息,以及他们的功能如何通过访问来比较以及访问规格the MIPI Alliance website。例如,随着规格的版本1.1.1的发布,我们已经更新了常见问题解答and released two new application notes—one on I3C’s热加入功能一个关于整合的virtual devices and targets

Where is I3C being used today?

I3C Basic has already been adopted by JEDEC in itsSideband BusandDDR5standards. The MIPI Alliance also is actively working withDMTF(分布式管理工作组),ETSI(欧洲电信标准学院),TCA(值得信赖的连接联盟)。

我们希望促进许多不同组织之间的合作,以继续使I3C与更广泛的行业的需求保持一致,并且与令人难以置信的组织的这些合作正在帮助我们实现这一目标。另外,只要另一个组织采用I3C基本,它就会产生更丰富的生态系统,并在更广泛的行业中培养更多的互操作性。

此外,I3C可以使用MIPI CCI(相机控制接口)用作MIPI CSI-2图像传感器的命令和控制接口。或者,在最新版本的CSI-2(v4.0于2021年12月发布给会员)中,它可以用作相机传感器的主要传输渠道,从而消除了对物理层界面的需求。

Use of CSI-2 over I3C leverages a new feature in the CSI-2 specification called AOSC (Always-On Sentinel Conduit), which enables ultra-low-power, always-on vision inferencing by an integrated or external digital signal processor. In turn, this allows a low-power host device to be always on, always monitoring its surrounding environment and waking the application CPU only when a relevant event happens. AOSC enables MIPI CSI-2 frame transport and bidirectional control using I3C.

除此之外I3C的MIPI调试specification developed by the MIPI Debug Working Group uses I3C to transport debug controls and data between a debug and test system and a target system. I3C also is used in the MIPI Touch family of specifications.

有哪些软件工具可以帮助支持I3C的实现?

MIPI在使用I3C时创建了几种不同的工具来帮助您,无论是完整版本还是I3C Basic。首先,有MIPI I3C主机控制器接口(I3C HCI), which defines a common set of capabilities for the host controller and the software interface. We’ve also developed anI3C HCI driver for Linuxand released it to the open-source community. And there’sI3C的MIPI发现和配置(MIPI Disco)这是一个软件框架,旨在简化使用I3C的外围设备的软件集成。

如何确保MIPI I3C实现之间的互操作性?

The first method is to use MIPI’s standardI3C conformance test suite, which is designed to ensure interoperability and compatibility between different vendors’ implementations. The test suite also is publicly available on the MIPI website.

MIPI I3C HCI在这方面也是一个巨大的帮助。使用I3C HCI,应用程序处理器供应商获得了连接到I3C的一致方法,从而消除了对产品特定于产品的i3C驱动程序的需求。取而代之的是,供应商,开发人员和分销商可以提供跨硬件平台可移植的通用i3C驱动程序。

它包括基于典型用法的几个优化,并允许特定于供应商的扩展和优化。这也有助于控制成本和复杂性,使设计师将精力集中在开发应用程序而不是接口上。此外,它扩大了I3C实现的范围,因为I3C HCI使供应​​商和开发人员更容易整合对I3C的支持,而不是简单的传感器设备。

The availability of the I3C HCI driver in the Linux kernel is of similar benefit. By defining device-specific operations for compliant I3C host controller hardware implementations from multiple vendors, the driver simplifies integration of I3C-based components for the global Linux developer community. The driver has been available in the Linux upstream source distribution since version 5.11 of the kernel.

Also, I3C Basic intellectual property (IP) is already available from multiple vendors, as are I3C conformance testing and verification IP test suites.

Latest

Murata-IRA IRA-S210ST01 pyroelectric红外传感器

March 31, 2022
The Murata IRA-S210ST01 is a leaded pyroelectric infrared sensor which provides a good signal-to-noise ratio and reliable performance.. In smart light…

Nexperia - PMEGXXXTX TRENCH SHOTTKY RECTIFISER

March 31, 2022
Nexperia扩展了其沟槽肖特基整流器的投资组合,其设备额定最高为100 V和20 A.新零件具有出色的Switchi…

工程领域的女性 - 鼓舞我们领域的创造性增长

March 8, 2022
在过去的几年中,技术或工程专业的女性人数增加了。入学后EN的妇女人数…

GMR的汽车车轮传感的未来

Feb. 23, 2022
下载PDF版本。快速的微系统。磁铁ic sensors are used extensively in modern vehicles, serving to measure the position of moving parts,…

表达您的意见!

本网站要求您注册或登录以发表评论。
No comments have been added yet. Want to start the conversation?
Baidu